Mostly temperate, but tropical in Hawaii and Florida, arctic in Alaska, semiarid in the great plains west of the Mississippi River, and arid in the Great Basin of the southwest low winter temperatures in the northwest are ameliorated occasionally in January and February by warm chinook winds from the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains Territorial sea: irregular polygon extending up to 100 nm from coastline as defined by 1898 treaty since late 1970s has also claimed polygonal-shaped area in South China Sea as wide as 285 nmĬontinental shelf: to the depth of exploitation Note: US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba is leased by the US and is part of Cuba the base boundary is 28.5 km Note: includes only the 50 states and District of Columbia, no overseas territories (2010)Ībout half the size of Russia about three-tenths the size of Africa about half the size of South America (or slightly larger than Brazil) slightly larger than China more than twice the size of the European Unionīorder countries (2): Canada 8,893 km (including 2,477 km with Alaska), Mexico 3,155 km Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Philippine Sea and the South China Sea, east of Vietnam North America, bordering both the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Pacific Ocean, between Canada and Mexico The Philippines faces increased tension with China over disputed territorial and maritime claims in the South China Sea. In 2017, Philippine armed forces battled an ISIS-Philippines siege in Marawi City, driving DUTERTE to declare martial law in the region. The decades-long Maoist-inspired New People's Army insurgency also operates through much of the country. Manila has waged a decades-long struggle against ethnic Moro insurgencies in the southern Philippines, which has led to a peace accord with the Moro National Liberation Front and ongoing peace talks with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front. The Philippine Government faces threats from several groups, some of which are on the US Government's Foreign Terrorist Organization list. Benigno AQUINO III was elected to a six-year term as president in May 2010 and was succeeded by Rodrigo DUTERTE in May 2016. Her presidency was marred by several corruption allegations but the Philippine economy was one of the few to avoid contraction following the 2008 global financial crisis, expanding each year of her administration. MACAPAGAL-ARROYO was elected to a six-year term as president in May 2004. He was succeeded by his vice-president, Gloria MACAPAGAL-ARROYO, in January 2001 after ESTRADA's stormy impeachment trial on corruption charges broke down and another "people power" movement ("EDSA 2") demanded his resignation. Joseph ESTRADA was elected president in 1998. In 1992, the US closed its last military bases on the islands. His administration was marked by increased stability and by progress on economic reforms. Fidel RAMOS was elected president in 1992. Her presidency was hampered by several coup attempts that prevented a return to full political stability and economic development. A 20-year rule by Ferdinand MARCOS ended in 1986, when a "people power" movement in Manila ("EDSA 1") forced him into exile and installed Corazon AQUINO as president. On 4 July 1946 the Republic of the Philippines attained its independence. In 1942 the islands fell under Japanese occupation during World War II, and US forces and Filipinos fought together during 1944-45 to regain control. Manuel QUEZON was elected president and was tasked with preparing the country for independence after a 10-year transition. In 1935 the Philippines became a self-governing commonwealth. The Philippine Islands became a Spanish colony during the 16th century they were ceded to the US in 1898 following the Spanish-American War. Since the end of World War II, the economy has achieved relatively steady growth, low unemployment and inflation, and rapid advances in technology. Buoyed by victories in World Wars I and II and the end of the Cold War in 1991, the US remains the world's most powerful nation state. The two most traumatic experiences in the nation's history were the Civil War (1861-65), in which a northern Union of states defeated a secessionist Confederacy of 11 southern slave states, and the Great Depression of the 1930s, an economic downturn during which about a quarter of the labor force lost its jobs. During the 19th and 20th centuries, 37 new states were added to the original 13 as the nation expanded across the North American continent and acquired a number of overseas possessions. Index Long term avg=100, SA, Monthly Sep 2023īritain's American colonies broke with the mother country in 1776 and were recognized as the new nation of the United States of America following the Treaty of Paris in 1783.
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